How children are taught to handle money in different countries
'11.03.2021'
Source: sravni.ru
Financial behavior is established at an early age, when children learn to spend pocket money and learn about the existence of banks, deposits and loans. How is teaching financial literacy of children abroad organized?
USA
Most American teens earn pocket money on vacation or after school, writes Sravni.ru. Types of part-time work and the age from which you can begin to work, are enshrined in law in each state.
For example, in New Jersey, children can work from the age of 12: delivering newspapers, farming or gardening, sitting with toddlers, and participating in theatrical performances. After 14 years, you are allowed to try yourself, for example, in the role of vendors, beach lifeguards, cleaners. And teenagers over 16 years old can already master professions related to cars and other mechanisms. If children earn more than $ 4000 a year, they are required to pay taxes.
In some schools of America, children are encouraged by toy money for their active work in the classroom - classroom cash... For this money, they can participate in the lottery, which is arranged by the teacher. Usually sweets, toys, stationery or the opportunity to play computer games in their free time are raffled off. Each student decides for himself how much to spend to participate in the drawing. The more money, the more likely it is to win.
Children from public and private schools sometimes attend training centers. Junior Achievement Program... It is an organization that helps young people gain additional knowledge about personal finance, work and business. For example, children from elementary school are given an excursion to a business town - a play park in which everything looks real. Schoolchildren "work" in the city's establishments - they run banks, stand at the cash register in a cafe and even vote for the mayor. They choose positions a few weeks before visiting the park with teachers: they write an application, undergo an interview and aptitude tests. In the town, children are given a debit card and a checkbook that they can use to pay all day.
Turkey
It is customary to give money to children on holidays in Turkey. Usually they are given by older relatives, to whom, as a sign of gratitude and respect, the child must kiss his hand and put it on his forehead. Monetary gifts are given even to babies, and parents put them in a piggy bank, which will be given to the child in a few years.
Sweden
Financial knowledge in Swedish schools is acquired by students of specialized classes. After the 9th grade, students go to college (the Swedes call them gymnasiums) and choose a direction. Children who decide to get an economic education are taught to open and develop their own business. “There is a lot of final work in this direction - the students themselves create a small enterprise, and the teachers advise them on how best to manage their money,” says Anna Lavrinenok, a resident of Stockholm.
United Kingdom
Financial literacy has been a compulsory subject in British schools since 2014. High school students are told about credit and debit cards, loans, loans and taxes. Also, teachers advise how best to manage your money, how to save it and plan financial decisions in the future.
By the way, getting pocket money in cash in Britain is already unfashionable. According to a survey conducted by a research company Censuswide, more than 25% of parents transfer pocket money to teen accounts online to pay for content in iTunes and Xbox.
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China
There are no financial literacy classes in Chinese schools. But even in elementary school, in mathematics lessons, children talk about money and solve easy financial problems.
An ancient tradition is associated with pocket money from the Chinese people. Before the New Year, parents and grandparents give children red envelopes with money. According to legend, such envelopes protect the child and bring good luck. Each child receives approximately $ 20. Usually, children decide for themselves what to spend this money on.
Germany
German officials decided to settle the pocket money issue. The Department of Juvenile Affairs has issued recommendations on how much money is most appropriate to give to children. Preschoolers 4-5 years old are entitled to 0,5 euros per week, children 10-11 years old - 13-16 euros per month, and teenagers 16-17 years old - up to 45 euros per month. Schoolchildren are advised to give the full amount at once for a month, so that they learn to distribute their finances and plan spending.
Of course, these are not strict recommendations, but the government strongly advises not to allocate too much money to their children so that children from low-income families do not feel uncomfortable.
Netherlands
In the Netherlands, the government also drew up advice on how much pocket money to give out to children and adolescents. The amounts are not very different from the German ones: children aged 6-8 are recommended to give 1-2 euros per week, 12- and 13-year-olds - 15-20 euros per month, 17-year-olds - up to 26 euros per month.
In the set of recommendations it is written that pocket money should be given on a certain day, regardless of the circumstances or behavior of the child - this is not wages and not a means for punishment. The Netherlands are advised to even write a contract to secure the agreement. In the contract, you can specify what the child to spend money is prohibited.
Switzerland
The curriculum in Swiss schools varies greatly from canton to canton. In Zurich, for example, they are taught to count money in math lessons from second grade. Locals are trying to educate children in independence. The school asks parents not to interfere in the learning process and help children with homework only if they themselves ask for it.
“We, on our own initiative, teach children to pay in the store. From the age of five to six we give pocket money 2 francs a week. They go to the store for bread and some other little things. I also sometimes see local children of the same age, 7-8 years old, alone in the store, ”says Sergei Popov, who has been living with his family in Switzerland for seven years.
