Safety in heat and first aid for heat stroke: doctor's advice
'16.06.2020'
Source: Facts
After a cool May, nature took revenge. Yes, what! How to survive hot days with minimal damage to health? Are told "Facts".
“In the heat, you need as little time as possible in the open sun,” Vladimir Kostenko, a neurologist, postgraduate student of the Department of Neurology No. 1 of the P. L. Shupik National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education (Ukraine), explains specifically for “Facts”. - If, nevertheless, you need to go out in business for business, try to move along the shady side of the street. You also need to walk in the shade of the trees, and it is advisable until 11:16 in the morning and after 17-XNUMX hours in the evening.
- When is it better to do physical education?
- Also in the morning or in the evening. It is better to reduce the load, for example, to reduce the time of the usual run by about half. At high air temperatures, the hypothalamus, which is located in the brain, regulates the human body temperature. If it rises, then the blood is redistributed closer to the skin. And our tissues, muscles, in particular the heart, receive less oxygen. In the heat, the heart has to pump more blood - to work at high speeds, which is bad for the body.
- How else to protect yourself from the scorching sun?
- Wear spacious light clothing made from natural fabrics such as linen, silk, cotton, and sunglasses. Cover your head with a hat, cap, scarf, panama. Be sure to use sun protection products. The degree of protection should be at least 20-30 SPF.
- What to do with the mask? In the heat it causes a lot of inconvenience ...
- I also feel uncomfortable wearing a mask on a hot day, and I replaced it with a respirator - a half mask with a filter. Breathing has become easier.
On the subject: Cool and safe: a guide to using the air conditioner in the heat
- How much water should I drink on a hot day?
- If there are no medical restrictions on fluid intake, drink as much as possible. If on a normal day you drink up to 1,5−2 liters of liquid, then in the heat you can increase the norm by at least a third.
It is important to remember that children may not feel thirsty, and in older people it becomes dull. The body is in a state of dehydration, but does not send SOS signals. Therefore, to make a couple of sips will not be amiss, even when it seems that you do not want to. A water bottle should always be at hand.
But alcohol, I think, is categorically contraindicated. The body already suffers from a lack of fluid, and alcohol drastically increases dehydration, and it is dangerous that brain cells lose water.
- How to cope with the heat in the apartment?
- Air conditioning will help, and if there is no way to buy it - a fan. In the morning and evening, draft. Do not forget about proven cooling methods: a cool shower or foot baths with room temperature water. Another good way is to cover the bed with a sheet chilled in the freezer (you must first fold it and pack it in a bag). On the windows you can attach special screens that prevent the penetration of sunlight. In an office or any room without an air conditioner, it is useful to wet your hands with your elbow with cold water. You can attach a damp cold napkin or towel to the back of your head.
- Why is it important to cool in the heat?
- When the body temperature rises, the sweat almost ceases to evaporate, which is fraught with the occurrence of heat stroke. Especially if a person takes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that affect the production of special substances - prostaglandins. This can worsen thermoregulation, disrupt kidney function. I advise you to consult a doctor whether it is possible to reduce the dose or temporarily abandon these drugs.
- What are the symptoms of heat stroke?
- A person suddenly darkens in his eyes, dizziness occurs, begins to vomit. The head may suddenly become ill, the gait becomes shaky, the pupils become dilated. A person does not think well. Body temperature can sometimes rise to 39-40 degrees.
First of all, heat stroke threatens children, pregnant women, overweight people, as well as those who are forced to work in the heat for a long time.
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- How to help with heat stroke?
- Immediately call an ambulance. Before her arrival, it is necessary to take a person into the shade, and even better, into a room with air conditioning, for example, in a store or cafe. If possible, lay the victim on his back, raising his head with a roller (a bag, a rolled-up T-shirt will come in handy). Check the pulse. To release or loosen everything that squeezes the neck, stomach, wrists - collar, belt, cuffs. Give water (preferably chilled), and apply a napkin, cloth or towel moistened with cold water to your forehead.
The material is published for educational purposes and is not a recommendation. ForumDaily Woman is not responsible for any diagnosis made by the reader based on the materials of the site, as well as for the consequences of self-medication, and may not share the point of view of the author or expert.
